陕北侏罗纪煤田采动损害现状及评价方法

Current mining damage situation and evaluation of Jurassic coalfield of North Shaanxi province

为有效地对开采后的矿区进行环境修复和生态重建,针对陕北侏罗纪煤田之神府、榆神、榆横矿区的地质采矿条件、开采沉陷损害和矿区生态环境的现状进行现场调查和分析,总结了陕北侏罗纪煤田采动过程中生态及环境破坏现状。采用分区的评价方法,依据地形、地貌将其分为2个一级区,在此基础上依据地质条件、环境条件进行二级分区;再以煤层赋存条件、开采方法、开采沉陷损害程度及特征等因素进行三级分区。分别给出了各区的范围、损害特征、损害程度,确定了评价陕北侏罗纪煤田开采损害级别与判定条件,为陕北侏罗纪煤田生态重建提供了理论依据。

In order to effectively restore the environment and ecology of the mining area upon exploration, based on the geological mining conditions of the three mining areas of Jurassic Coalfield and the investigation and analysis on the damage evaluation on mining subsidence and environment, the paper concludes the current ecological and environmental condition during the mining process. With the divisional method of evaluation, the paper ascertains the classification of the mining damage and determinant conditions, and provides an important theoretical foundation by categorizing the area into two first-class zones according to the landform and physiognomy, into second-class zones according to the geological and environmental conditions with the previous class as the basis, into third-class zones according to the factors such as coal beds storage, mining methods, degree and damage of mining subsidence, with the scope, damage features and degrees of each zone clearly clarified.