莆大麦系列品种主要性状的遗传差异及其演变规律的研究

Study of the genetic difference and its development rule of main character of Puxi barely variety

对福建省20年来大麦代表性品种—莆大麦系列品种主要性状的遗传差异及演变规律进行了分析。结果表明;(1)莆大麦系列品种的籽粒产量、有效穗、穗粒重、千粒重、穗实粒数、生物产量和收获指数等7个性状,品种间均存在极显著差异,也反映出品种类型的多样性;(2)主要性状演变规律:籽粒产量呈直线上升趋势,有效穗、千粒重等6个性状呈不同形状波浪式变化;(3)通径分析结果表明,产量结构3个主要因素对产量直接作用均达极显著水平,其大小顺序为:千粒重>穗实粒数>有效穗,其余3个因素顺序为:生物产量>穗粒重>收获指数。

The genetic differences and developing rules of main characters were analyzed which belong to Puxi barely variety which were representative variety 20years recently in Fujian. The results showed that extremely significant differences were among 7 characters, such as yield of grains, number of fertile ear, grains weight of spike per, 1000 - grains weight, number of grains of spike per, biological yield and harvest index, and the 7 characters reflected diversify of variety types firstly, the main evolution rule of yield of grains, number of fertile ear and 1000 -grains weight went like wave, the path analysis results showed that the main factors effected yield directly might reach very significant level, the order from high to low was 1000 - grains weight 〉 number of grains of spike per 〉 number of fertile ear, and the other factors order was biological yield 〉 grains weight of spike per 〉 harvest index.