早期家庭干预对低功能家庭血液透析患者生活质量的影响

The Influence of Early-stage Family Intervention on Life Quality of HD Patients from Low Function Families

目的观察早期家庭干预对低功能家庭血液透析患者生活质量的影响。方法对60例符合条件的低功能家庭的血液透析患者,用随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组各30例,对照组进行常规健康教育,干预组在此基础上以讲座和谈话方式实施早期家庭干预,包括对患者及家属进行血液透析知识、心理、营养等方面的干预。干预前后采用家庭关怀度指数问卷、Mos SF-36量表测评两组患者的家庭支持度和生活质量,统计干预前后患者的透析质量。结果实施6个月干预后,干预组患者除疼痛外,生活质量其余指标的分值明显优于对照组;干预组患者由低功能家庭转为高功能家庭27例,对照组19例;干预组白蛋白水平高于对照组:差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论早期家庭干预直接影响低功能家庭血液透析患者的生活质量。医护人员应重视对患者及其家属的早期家庭干预,让患者尽早获得高功能的家庭支持,以提高其生活质量。

Objective To observe the influence of early-stage family intervention on life quality of HD patients from low function families. Methods 60 qualified HD patients from low function families were divided into the intervention group and control group, each with a study population of 30 cases. The control group was given the conventional health education, and the intervention group was, on the basis of the same education, offered early-stage familiy intervention in the forms of lecture and conversation, including the intervention to the patients＇ dependents in terms of knowledge about HD, psychology, nutriology, etc. Before and after the intervention, questionnaire about the family＇s concern index and Mos SF-36 scale were used to assess the support and life quality of the patients＇ in both groups, and the HD quality was assessed. Results After 6 months of intervention, the values of all the life quality indices except pain of the intervention group were better than those of the control group. The number of patients in the intervention group whose familes changed from the low function to high function ones was 27, while it was 19 in the control group. And the level of albumin of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group. All the differences above had statistical significance. Conclusion Early-stage family intervention has a beating on the life quality of HD patients from low function families, and so the medical staff should attach importance to early-stage intervention in the patients and their dependents so as to improve their life quality.