聚氨酯/Al_2O_3纳米复合材料的制备和性能

Preparation and Properties of Polyurethane/Alumina Nanocomposites

采用原位聚合法制备聚氨酯(PU)/Al2O3纳米复合材料。DSC和FT-IR测试结果表明:PU/Al2O3纳米复合材料中的氨酯羰基氢键化程度和硬段的有序化程度较纯PU低,且PU软硬段间有更好的相混合程度;TEM照片显示:Al2O3以纳米尺寸较均匀地分散在PU体系中,且纳米Al2O3粒子与PU基体有较强的界面作用;力学性能测试结果表明:少量纳米Al2O3粒子的加入,对PU材料有很好的增强和增韧效果。

A series of PU/Al2O3 nanocomposites have been prepared by in situ polymerization. The morphologies, structures and properties of these nanocomposites were studied through DSC, TEM and FT-IR etc. The results show that Al2O3 nanoparticles uniformly dispersed in the PU matrix at nanometer level. For the PU/Al2O3 nanocomposites, the mixing degree between the soft and hard phases in the PU is improved. The ordered structures of the hard phases in the nanocomposites are destroyed due to lowered hydrogen bonding degree of the urethane groups in the PU. In addition, the stiffness and toughness of the PU matrix are improved significantly by adding a small amount of the Al2O3 nanoparticles into the PU matrix.