饲料型四倍体刺槐幼胚离体培养挽救技术研究

Saving young embryo of tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia for fodder by embryo culture in vitro

遗传变异丰富、具有重要遗传育种价值的饲料型四倍体刺槐幼胚自然败育率很高,研究其离体培养挽救技术具有重要的遗传育种学意义。以处于不同发育时期的饲料型四倍体刺槐幼胚为材料,进行了其离体培养促萌试验,试验结果表明:胚珠的适宜离体培养时期为花后30 d,萌动率47.7%;胚珠的适宜萌动培养基为Nitsch+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+IBA 2 mg/L+GA30.5 mg/L;筛选出的最佳愈伤组织诱导培养基上得到的愈伤组织诱导率为38.6%,并初步诱导出了不定芽;愈伤组织切片表明,饲料型四倍体刺槐幼胚愈伤组织的增殖生长以内起源为主。

The abortion rate of young embryo, which originates from varied genetic material and plays an important role in black locust breeding, of tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia is high. It is necessary to work out how to improve germination of these abortional young embryos by culture in vitro for black locust breeding. Therefore the test to save abortional young embryos which were in different development stages,of tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia by culture in vitro was conducted. The results indicated that （ 1 ） The suitable stage for ovule culture was 30 days after being pollinated and the embryos＇ culture - response - rate was 47.7% ; （2） The suitable development substrates for ovule culture in vitro was Nitsch ＋ 6 - BAt 0.5mg/ L＋ IBA 2 mg/L＋ GA3 0.5 mg/L;（3） On the efficient substrates for inducing callus from young embryo, the callus- inducing rate was 38.6% and some adventitious buds were induced; （4） The callus anatomy showed that the proliferation growth of young embryo callus of tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia mainly originated from inner of callus.