宝钢AOD炉冶炼不锈钢顶枪吹炼工艺分析

Analysis of AOD Top Lance Blowing Process at Baosteel

针对宝钢不锈钢分公司侧顶复吹AOD炉在实际使用过程中表现出来的脱碳速度偏慢、钢水中铬元素氧化量偏大、吹炼过程升温偏慢的情况,以实验室模拟研究结果为基础,通过将其顶部单孔氧枪改为三孔氧枪的方法,对比分析了AOD炉单孔顶枪、11°三孔顶枪和15°三孔顶枪在脱碳速度、钢水中铬氧化情况以及升温速度3个方面的各自表现。结果表明,当AOD炉以电炉提供的高碳母液为主原料时,在枪位设定合理的条件下,11°三孔顶枪的使用有利于进一步提高AOD炉脱碳速度、降低AOD炉钢中铬氧化并加快熔池升温速度;单孔氧枪由于孔数不足,其在AOD炉中的不锈钢冶炼效果不佳;15°三孔顶枪由于孔间夹角设定不合理,与宝钢不锈钢分公司AOD炉侧吹复合使用时效果不佳。

It was shown that during AOD refining with side and top blowing the decarburization speed was slower, the oxidation of chromium was a little bit severer and the bath heating rate was slower than expected. Thus, based on the simulation results, the one-outlet top lance was replaced with three outlet lances. The one outlet lance,threeoutlet top lance with 11 degree inclination of outlets and three outlet top lance with 15 degree inclination were compared in terms of decarburization speed, chromium oxidation rate and bath temperature heating rate. The results showed： 1） With reasonable lance position, the three outlet top lance with 11 degree inclination is the most effective; 2） The one outlet top lance is the worst one; 3） The three outlet top lance with 15 degree inclination is not satisfactory due to unfavorable gas streams.