贵阳市红枫湖水体悬浮物中重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价

The Heavy Metal Pollutions in Suspended Particulate Matter of Hongfeng Lake in Guiyang City and Their Potential Ecological Risk Assessment

研究了红枫湖水体中悬浮物重金属(Zn、Cu、Cr、Pb和Cd)的季节性和空间性污染特征,采用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法评价了水体悬浮物中重金属的潜在生态危害。结果表明,重金属随着季节和空间变化都较大;产生潜在生态危害的重金属主要是Cd和Pb,分别达强度生态危害水平和中度生态危害水平,Cu、Zn和Cr显示轻度危害水平;潜在生态危害综合指数RI=226.09,说明重金属污染已达到中度生态危害。红枫湖悬浮物重金属潜在生态危害指数的季节性变化顺序为二月>六月>四月>十二月>十月>八月,空间变化顺序为化肥厂河>麦包河>猫跳河>桃化源河>后六河>羊昌河>北湖>麻线河>南湖。

Seasonal and spacial characteristics of heavy metals （Zn.Cu.Cr.Pb and Cr） in suspended particulate matter （SPM） of Hongfeng Lake were studied, and potential ecological risks brought by these heavy metals in SPM were assessed using Hakanson potential ecological risk index method. Results showed that seasonal and spacial variations of the selected heavy metals＇ contents in SPM of Hongfeng Lake were quite remarkable, and that overall potential ecological risk was mainly generated by Cd and Pb, whose potential ecological risks were identified as the considerable and the moderate levels, respectively, and that other heavy metals （Zn. Cu.Cr） only caused slight ecological risks. The overall potential ecological risk index （RI） was estimated as 226.09, indicated that the overall potential ecological risk produced by the selected heavy metals in SPM of Hongfeng Lake had reached the moderate level. Potential ecological risk index （RI） of the selected heavy metals in SPM of Hongfeng Lake increased seasonally in the sequence of October, December, April, June and February, and increased spacially in the sequence of South Lake, Maxian River, North Lake, Yangchang River, Houliu River, Taphuayuan River, Maotaio River, Maibao River, and Huafeichang River.