公路运输车辆荷载处理方法与轴载模型研究

Treatment of Vehicle Load and Axle Load Model

在对现有轴载模型分析的基础上,采用更明确表述车辆荷载力学效应和交通特征的轴载应用系数,以高等级公路实测货车轴载数据为样本,用数理统计方法建立了正常交通道路和重载交通道路运输车辆的轴载模型.结果表明,无论是正常还是重载交通,车辆轴载都服从正态分布,除单轴单轮之外,其他3种轴型的空载和有载也服从正态分布.笔者所建立的模型,避开车型干扰,降低交通调查的难度,弱化模型应用的制约因素,便于工程应用.

Base on analysis of axle load model of vehicle, coefficient of axle load application is set up by this research, the concept has ability what illustrate affect of mechanics and characteristic of traffic more clearly; the data of lorry＇ s axle load as sample, and statistic as tool, the new model of axle load is set up by the paper too. It is shown that weather normal or heavy traffic, lorry ＇ s axle load of single wheel which single axle, double wheels which single axle, double axles and tri-axles styles under loading and unloading get close to Gauss＇ Distribution. Axle structure, loading and unloading of vehicle are parameters of the model. The model has advantages what disturb of vehicle style is avoided, the calculation＇ s error which caused by the difference between theory load axle and actual load axle is avoided too, at the same time, it make investigation of traffic easy, estimation of road more well and usage in engineering convenient.