5岁以下儿童死亡原因分析

The Analysis of the Death Reason of the Children Under the Age of 5

目的：了解大同市城区5岁以下儿童死亡原因及动态变化趋势，探讨相关因素，提出科学有效的干预措施。方法：根据《中国5岁以下儿童死亡监测方案》对2001～2007年大同市城区5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行死亡率、构成比、死亡顺位等相关因素分析。结果：大同市城区5岁以下儿童死亡率呈逐年下降趋势；死亡年龄越小所占比例越高；5岁以下儿童死因前四位为：出生窒息、出生缺陷、早产低出生体重儿、肺炎。结论：加强围产期保健管理，加强出生缺陷预防，降低婴儿特别是新生儿的死亡率，是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键。

Objective： We want to find out the death reasons of children under the age of 5 of urban area in Datong ,as well as the dynamic variation tendency, and to probe into the relevant factors,in the end to put forward the effective science measures. Method ： According to ＂ monitoring scheme that the death of children under the age of 5 in China ＂ , we analyze the death monitoring information about the children under the age of 5 from urban area in Datong during 2001 and 2007. We analyze the relevant factors about the mortality , the rate of the construction and the order of the death. Result： We find the mortality of children under the age of 5 of urban area in Datong presents the downward trend year by year,and the smaller the dead children age is, the higher the proportion is. The top four of causes of the death of children under the age of 5 are： birth asphyxia, birth defect, premature infant with low birth weight, pneumonia. Conclusion： We should strengthen the health care management in childbirth period, prevent the inborn defect. We should reduce the mortality of the baby especially neonate, because it is the key to reduce the mortality of children under the age of 5.