不同配置方式沙蒿灌丛对土壤风蚀影响的对比分析

Comparative Analysis on Effect of Distribution Modes of Artemisia sphaerocephala to Soil Wind Erosion

沙蒿灌丛广泛分布在半固定沙地、固定沙地、覆沙滩地、梁地等多种生境中,是固沙造林的理想植物。研究不同配置方式的沙蒿对土壤风蚀的影响对于干旱、半干旱地区生态建设和防治土壤风蚀具有十分重要的意义。本文选取毛乌素沙地常见的覆盖度在20%～25%的3种配置格局沙蒿灌木林进行分析研究,通过其对周围的风场分布以及风能变化两个方面出发进行研究,从量化的角度探讨灌木群落风场中粗糙度、风速廓线、风力衰减等问题,比较不同配置格局的林带对土壤风蚀的影响程度,综上所述,结果表明,行带式、均匀式、随机式沙蒿配置方式的风速廓线都遵循一元线性回归;覆盖度相同的3种配置方式,行带式配置的沙蒿林内地表粗糙度最稳定,平均防风效果最好。研究表明,行带式沙蒿对于土壤风蚀的防治效果最好。

The shrub of Artemisia sphaerocephala are widely distributed in the fixed and semi fixed sands, covered sand beach, and are perfect sand-fixation plant. Study of the effect on different distribution modes of Arternisia sphaerocephala to soil wind erosion is of great significance to ecological construction and prevention against soil wind erosion in the fixed and semi fixed sands. The paper takes three distribution ways of Artemisia sphaerocephala as research subiects, and coverage degree of each way is between 20% and 25 %, through the research on the aspects of wind field distribution and wind energy change, analysis the mechanism of planting disposition to prevent soil wind erosion based on aerodynamics principle. The conclusion as follows： The wind velocity profile of Artenaisia sphaerocephala with uniformity model, stochastic model and banding collocate all follow one-variable linear regression; In three ways, the surface roughness of the brush with banding collocate is stablest, and the average windbreak effect is best. In short, it indicates that the effect of banding collocates for controlling wind erosion is most suitable.