植物苗期根系抗侵蚀特性试验研究--以构树和顶坛花椒为例

Experimental Study on Soil Reinforcement of Seedling Rootsystems——Taking Broussonetia papyrifera and Zanthoxylum bungeanum as Examples

植物的固土抗蚀作用大小与其根系密切相关,而根系特征决定了根的固土抗蚀作用的发挥,本文以相同基质下构树和顶坛花椒不同特征的根系为研究对象,通过研究根系特征与土壤抗冲性、抗蚀性、抗拉性、紧实度的关系,结果表明,苗期根系能强化土壤抗冲性,构树苗、顶坛花椒苗根系强化值大小分别为78.01>77.71;根系可提高土壤抗蚀性,其抗蚀性强弱为,构树苗>顶坛花椒苗>对照,构树、顶坛花椒、对照试验的土壤水稳性指数分别为4.36,3.16,1.67;不同树种根系对土壤的固结能力不同,构树苗生长下的土壤抗拉能力为214.92 N,明显大于顶坛花椒苗生长下的土壤154.87 N;土壤紧实度大小为构树苗>顶坛花椒苗。并采用加权综合指数法综合评价了苗期不同特征植物根系的固土能力强弱,得出构树苗综合指数为1.058,而顶坛花椒苗为0.902,即构树苗的固土能力强于顶坛花椒,以期为今后的水土保持工作提供一定的理论依据。

The soil reinforcement of plant is closely related to their rootsystems ,and root features decide about the function of soil reinforcement. Based on the same soil material but different features of rootsystems of Broussonetia papyrifera and Zanthoxylum bungeanum var. dintanensis, studied on the relationships between rootsystem features and soil anti-scourability, soil anti-erosibility, soil anti-tensile strength or soil compactibility. Research shows that soil anti-scourability could be intensified by seedling rootsystem, the intense values are 78.01 〉 77. 71 ; And the rootsystems could improve soil anti-scourability, the order is Broussonetia papyrifera 〉 Zanthoxylum bungeanum var. dintanensis 〉control, and the waterstable index is 4.36,3. 16, 1.67,respectively; Different rootsystems show different abilities on soil reinforcement, the soil anti-tensile strength with Broussonetia papyrifera is 214. 92 N which is higher obviously than that of Zanthoxylurn bungeanurn vat. dintanensis which is 154.87 N; The sizes of soil compactibility are Broussonetia papyrifera 〉 Zanthoxylum bungeanum vat. dintanensis. And applying weighted composite index method to evaluate the soil reinforcement ability of rootsystems of different features at seedling stage,which shows that the ability of soil reinforcement of Broussonetia papyrifera is more powerful compared with Zanthoxylurn bungeanum vat. dintanensis, and the comprehensive index is 1. 058 and 0. 9125, separately. Looking forward to provide some theoretic basises for soil and water conservation work.