土壤改良保水剂在造林和育苗中的应用研究

Study on Application of Water Retaining Agent in Forestation and Seedling Culture

以油松、侧柏、中槐等西北干旱地区主要造林树种作研究对象,采用蘸根和土壤施入等几种不同的使用方法,将旱露植保土壤改良保水剂应用于植苗造林和播种育苗,观察在干旱条件下的使用效果和对苗木生长和苗木质量的影响。研究表明,保水剂不同的使用方法对造林成活率、幼苗生长和育苗质量都有显著的影响,在播种育苗中的使用效果比植苗造林好。保水剂的使用效果因使用方法和使用对象的不同有所变化,油松、侧柏容器苗和裸根苗10～20 g/株的使用量,造林效果较好。在使用量比较小(10 g/株)的情况下,保水剂对油松容器苗的生长有一定的促进作用,中槐移栽、造林时使用保水剂,对其成活率影响不大,但在育苗时作用明显。蘸根有助于促进油松、侧柏和中槐幼林的生长和造林成活率的提高,是造林时用保水剂处理苗木的一种较为理想的方法。中槐育苗时,保水剂的使用效果十分明显,拌种后播种最为有效,可以在育苗中加以推广和应用。

Hanluzhibao, a new product of water retaining agent and a compound fertilizer, was used in forestation and seedling culture of native species such as Pinus tabulaeformis, Platycladus orientalis and Sophora japonica on Loess Plateau. The water retaining agent was mixed with soil for mixture or with water for stiff solution to fertilize around the roots of trees or seeds. This experiment indicate that the method of using this water retaining agent influenced notably the survival rate, the growth of young trees in semi-acid region. The result of suing this product in seedling culture was better than in forestation. The different method of fertilization would bring the different result and effect. For Pinus tabulaeformis, Platycladus orientalis, the survival rate and the growth rate increased in the condition of water retain agent of 10-9.0 g per tree. Under 10 g per tree, it could promote the growth of contain young plant of Pinus tabulaeformis. Meanwhile, it＇s survival rate of Sophora japonica was not changed, but it could made the obvious effect in it＇s seedling culture. Comparatively, dipping the roots in this mixture of water retaining agent and water was a best ways to use this product in forestation, and seeding after mixing this product was a good way for seedling culture of Sophora japonica.