“移位”与“倒装”再思考

Rethink over the movement and the inversion

在句法形式的转换中,句法成分位置的移动,只宜区分为"移位"与"倒装"两种类型,而不好再划分出第三种类别来。从本质上看,移位所凭借的句法结构当是深层结构(或基本句法结构),它所生成的表层结构,可以直接进行层次分析;而"倒装"所凭借的则是具有正常层次关系的表层句法结构,它所生成的句法结构具有较强的语用性,无法直接进行层次分析。就移位和倒装的成分言,二者虽然都可以是论元成分也可以是非论元成分,可以是主语、宾语又可以是定语、状语和补语,但,倒装的成分还可以是谓核及其短语,而移位却没有这种成分。

In the form of conversion syntax, syntax elements of the mobile location only are advised district into ＂movement＂ and ＂inversion＂ two types, but the third type can not be divided up. In essence, when the movement is on the syntax structure is deep structure （or the basic syntax structure）, it generated surface structure, the hierarchy of analysis can be carried out directly. The ＂inversion＂ on the hierarchy of relations is a normal structure of the surface syntax, it generated syntax structure has stronger pragmatic function. It isn＇t used to direct hierarchy analysis. On the movement and the inversion composition statement, although both elements can be argument or non-argument; can be subject, object or attributive, adverbial and complement, but the inversion elements can also be the core of predicate and the predicate phrase, and the movement is without such ingredients.