中国“三农问题”的体制转型

Institution Transform of China's 'San-nong Problem'

建设社会主义新农村要求一系列的制度创制,这些要求表明,一直以来全社会关注的"三农问题"进入了一个体制转型的新阶段。文章阐述了这个阶段所必然要产生的一些主要制度创制内容,即:在责任制基础上的新型土地生产关系创制;针对粮食经济转型构建发展现代农业的制度基础;建立与生存、生产和生活统一性关系相适应的农村民生统筹制度体系;从城乡统筹的角度促进乡村治理的制度创新。根据转型的目标设计,农民作为这个转型的主体其"自身就是问题"的性质将随着转型的实施和实现失去意义,而农村和农业即使存在问题,也只是主体需要并可以解决的对象性工作,所以"三农问题"将在中国整体的现代化发展中失去意义。

The construction of socialist new countryside requires a set of formulation of institution, which implies that China＇ s ＇ San-nong Problem＇ has moved into a new phase of institution transform. This paper discussed the content of formulation of some primary institution in this phase：the formulation of new mode of land production relations based on the system of job responsibility, the construction of the institution foundation of modem agriculture with the focus on grain economy transform, the development of all-planning system of rural people＇s livelihood in which survival, production and life are integrated, and the promotion of institution formulation of rural governance with the respect of all- planning of urban ＆ rural areas. According to goal design of transform, farmers who are the main body of transform has the characteristics of ＂the farmers themselves are the problem＂ and this characteristics will lose its significance with the implementation and healization of transform. Even if the rural area and agriculture has problems, the problems are caused by needs of the main body and can be solved. Hence, ＇ San-nong Problem＇ will lose its original meaning with the comprehensive development of modernization.