G-M型低温制冷机旋转阀的改进研究

Performance improvement of rotary valve for G-M type cryocooler

旋转阀是G-M型低温制冷机的核心部件,用以控制制冷机进排气时序。旋转阀中的转子和定子通常具有紧密的机械接触,在接触面上会有较大的摩擦力,造成阀芯磨损严重;同时阀芯旋转也需要较大扭矩,引起电机负荷增大。针对此问题,提出在阀芯与旋转阀底盘的接触面上增加气室,将高压或低压气体引入气室中,有效减小阀芯的磨损和阀芯旋转所需要的扭矩。通过初步实验证实,新型阀芯结构不会影响制冷机的制冷性能。

Rotary valve is the key component of G-M type cryocooler which controls the intake and exhaust processes. The rotor and the stator in rotary valve usually have heavy mechanical contact, so there will be more friction on the contact surface resulting in serious wear and larger torques and increase the required power of the motor. To solve this problem, the air-chambers on the contact surface between valve core and chassis was added, so the high pressure gas and the low pressure gas will be introduced into the airchambers. The wear and the torque required of valve core will be effectively reduced by this method. Preliminary experiments confirmed that the new type of valve structure will not affect the cooling performance of cryocooler.