中国10个地方大气气溶胶1980～1994年间变化特征研究

Variation of Atmospheric Aerosols over 10 Sites in China during 1980～1994

作者发展了一个从地面上太阳短波直射辐射和能见度信息综合确定大气柱气溶胶总光学厚度和平流层气溶胶光学厚度的方法，并应用这个方法从气象台站观测资料反演得到北京、昆明、喀什、上海、广州、郑州、沈阳、武汉、格尔木和乌鲁木齐等１０个地方从１９８０到１９９４年间晴天气溶胶光学厚度资料，分析了这些地方气溶胶光学厚度月变化和年变化特征，并侧重分析了１９８２年墨西哥厄尔奇琼火山和１９９１年菲律宾皮纳图博火山爆发对气溶胶光学厚度的影响。

In this paper, a method is developed to determine simultaneously total and stratospheric aerosol optical depths using both informations of the direct solar radiation at the ground surface and the visibility. Aerosol optical depths over Beijing during 1980-1994 are retrieved from radiation and visibility data measured at meteorological stations. Monthly and yearly changes of the depths are analyzed, effects of two volcanic eruptions of El Chichon in 1982 and Pinatubo in 1991 are pointed out.