尾矿库溃坝灾害因素分析及风险指标体系研究

Analysis of disastrous factors concerning tailing dam failing and research on risk index system

我国尾矿库数量多、规模小、安全度水平低,较多中小尾矿库未经过正规设计,并且绝大多数尾矿库下游为生活区、工矿企业或重要城镇等,因此加强尾矿库风险管理,建立尾矿库溃坝风险指标体系和风险评判模型,对于减少和防止尾矿库溃坝事故的发生,确保尾矿库的安全运行,使之更好地为矿山安全生产服务,为国民经济健康持续快速发展服务等方面都具有重要意义。本文在总结国内外尾矿库事故特点的基础上,系统研究了尾矿坝的溃坝模式和溃坝路径,并基于尾矿坝指标的工程性质分析和相关性分析,研究并建立了尾矿库溃坝风险指标体系,该体系的建立为尾矿坝溃坝风险评判模型及评判方法的研究提供前提条件,可为尾矿库运行期的安全监管提供依据。

It is imperative to strength risk management of the tailing ponds and establish tailing dam failing risk index system and risk evaluation model, which will play a significant role in reducing and preventing the occurrence of tailing dam failing accident, ensuring safe operation of the tailing ponds, making them to better serve safe pro- duction of the mines as well as healthy, steady and rapid development of the national economy, etc. This article provided a summary of the characteristics of tailing pond related accidents both in China and abroad, based on which a systematic research was conducted on the dam failing pattern and dam - failing path. It also studies and establishes a dam failing risk index system for the tailing ponds based on engineering analysis of the dam pond indexes as well as correlation analysis. The establishment of this system provides a precondition for the research of tailing dam failing risk evaluation model and evaluation method, providing a basis for safety supervision and management of the tailing ponds during their operations.