大功率风力发电机叶片设计研究

The Research on Blade Design of Great Wind Power Generator

设计优良的叶片是使风力发电机获得最大风能利用系数和良好经济效益的基础。叶型的气动性能选择和新叶型的应用是当前大功率叶片设计研究的重要内容。目前,风电机领域使用的叶片叶型主要有两大类。一类是选用低速航空叶型,另一类是风电机专用叶型。大功率定桨距叶片设计中应优先选择风电机专用叶型,变桨距叶片选用气动特性优良的NACA、DU系列叶型。叶片设计中,首先要确定截面叶型,然后根据具体叶型气动数据去计算叶片剖面的弦长和扭角,最后再根据弦长和叶型几何数据去制造。从动量理论、叶素理论、动量矩理论出发,以iWllson叶片设计方法为基础,综合考虑叶片损失和升阻比对叶片性能的影响,建立了大功率风力发电机叶片优化设计的数学模型,并给出计算过程。

Based on better designed blade, more power coefficient is obtained and better economic profit can be gained. The choice of aerodynamic performance and the application new blade type is the important content in design.There are two types-low speed aero-blade and special wind power blade mainly used in wind power field. In the design of the great power fixed pitch blade, we take precedence of the special wind power blade ,and in the alterable pitch blade,we use the better type of NACA,DU.According to the theory on momentum, the theory on moment of momentum and the theory on blade element, on the base of Willson design method, we establish the mathematical model of optimum design of wind turbine blade.It is considered synthetically the effects on the blade characteristic of the energy loss and the rate of rise and resistance .The calculation procedure of a rotor blade has been worked out.