陆军航空兵飞行员脂肪肝患病情况及影响因素分析

Analysis of prevalence and risk factors of fatty liver in army aviators

目的研究陆航飞行员脂肪肝患病情况,为航卫保障提供依据。方法随机抽取2006年参加大体检的陆航飞行员443名,由体检资料获取身高、体重及所患疾病信息;发放调查表了解其一般情况和日常饮食生活习惯。计算脂肪肝患病率,采用多元 Logistic 回归、t 检验、x^2检验、Fisher 确切概率检验和 Cochran-armitage 趋势检验分析危险因素。结果①陆航飞行员脂肪肝患病率是10.61%。陆航飞行员脂肪肝患病率高于民航飞行员,与我军各机种飞行员、海军飞行员脂肪肝患病率没有显著差异。②按照危险因素对脂肪肝患病率影响强度从大到小是:体质指数、年龄、日均饮酒量、飞行时间及地区。③患病组年龄、体质指数、日均饮酒量和飞行时间均显著高于非患病组;不同年龄组、体质指数组、日均饮酒量及飞行时间组患病率分别有显著差异,随年龄增长、体质指数增加、日均饮酒量增大及飞行时间增长,脂肪肝患病率逐渐升高;地区间患病率差异显著,患病率从高到低分别是中原地区、西南地区、华东地区和华北地区。结论①陆航飞行员脂肪肝患病率较高。②年轻陆航飞行员脂肪肝患病率较低,但患病率随年龄、飞行时间增加增长过快。③超重、饮酒是陆航飞行员脂肪肝的重要危险因素。④地理、气候、饮食等因素与陆航飞行员脂肪肝有关。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of fatty liver in army aviators and provide evidence for aeromedical service. Methods The height, weight, diagnosis of 443 army aviators were got from their case history by random sampling. The related factors were investigated through questionnaire. The prevalence and risk factors of fatty liver were determined by multivariate Logistic regression, t test, chi-square test, Fisher exact probabilities test, and Cochranarmitage trend test. Results （1）The fatty liver prevalence of army aviators was 10.61%. The fatty liver prevalence of army aviators was higher than civil aviators and had no difference with army pilots. （2）The risk factors of fatty liver were enumerated in order of corrected coefficient of regression as follows： body mass index （BMI）, age, daily alcohol drinking, flight time and area. （3）The mean age, BMI, daily alcohol drinking and flight time of fatty liver group were significantly higher than those without fatty liver. The prevalence of fatty liver increased with age, BMI, daily alcohol drinking and flight time, and was different in each area. The fatty liver prevalence in each area was enumerated as follows： central plains, southwest, eastern China and northern China. Conclusion （1）There was a higher prevalence of fatty liver among army aviators. （2）There Was a lower prevalence of fatty liver among young army aviators. But it increased quickly with aging and flight time. （3）Overweight, and flight were the important risk factors of fatty liver in army aviators. （4）Geography, environment and eating habit were related with fatty liver in army aviators.