联合国驻利比里亚维和部队二级卫勤保障中航空医疗后送的组织实施

Management of aeromedical evacuation during United Nations peacekeeping operations mission in Liberia： the Chinese Level Ⅱ hospital practice

目的通过伤病人员空运后送的组织实施，了解联合国维和部队快速空中转运系统与卫勤保障。方法2004年12月至2005年7月，中国维和医疗分队在非洲执行了联合国利比里亚维和行动中的二级卫勤保障任务。利用联合国在任务区建立的陆空一体化机动后勤保障力量，我们对63例伤病员组织实施了航空医疗后送。通过与维和战区小型军事移动通信单位联络，经卫星远程通讯设施，用电话、传真、电子邮件等与任务区军事指挥、卫生、运输等部门联通。采取多国维和部队联军协调，联合行动，外军护卫，专人陪送，保障伤病员安全与生命。所有伤病员在后送前经严格对症治疗处理，病情稳定。空运机种为俄罗斯米一8通用型直升机和加拿大Duch-7固定翼飞机，采用固定的野战直升机场。结果全部伤病员无一例因空运后送死亡或病情加重。结论在维和行动中，多国维和部队合作实施安全高效的航空医疗后送伤病人员是新时期我军开展的一项新课题。在联合国维和行动卫勤保障体系框架下，注重联络、协调、理顺与任务区各相关部门关系，配合多国维和军兵种单元联军合作，可以实施高效快速的卫勤行动，提高保障的整体效能。利用维和卫勤保障锻炼部队，是培训和提高我军医务人员综合实战能力的极好时机。

Objective To recommend the fast air transport system and medical support of United Nations peacekeeping operations through the organization and management of medical evacuation the wounded and patients. Methods From December 2004 to July 2005, Chinese peacekeeping medical contingent took up the level Ⅱ hospital of medical support of United Nations peacekeeping operations mission in Liberia （UNMIL）. In this period 63 cases of sick and wounded were evacuated by air, form our hospital to the nearest available higher medical facility within the mission area according to the medical and casualty evacuations standard operation procedures of UNMIL. Using military mobile communication unit of the sector of UNMIL, contact with the medical evacuation officer of the medical office of military or civilian and transportation unit was kept through satellite communications with telephone, fax, digital sender or email. The multination peacekeeping troops of UNMIL coordinated each other and combined together for escort and transport. All the sick and wounded were treated properly until the condition became stable before evacuation. Medical documents always follow the patients. In-flight medical care was taken by nurse or doctor with emergency medical kits designed for the field. The helicopter of Russian Mi-8 and or fix wing plane of Canadian Duch-7 was available when the case was sent to the fixed field helipad. Results The aeromedical evacuation missions carried out by Chinese peacekeeping contingent were successful, none of 63 cases died or deteriorated on board. Conclusion Under the framework of UN peacekeeping operations, the medical contingent should secure close contact and coordination with the related sections of the mission area, so as to enhance the efficiency of medical support and implement the fast operation. It is considered that it participating aeromedical support during peacekeeping operation mission is a good chance for accomplishment training military medical personnel and improve the real wartime ability.