家庭环境和生活习惯对徐州市3～6岁儿童BMI的影响

A Study of the Effect of Familiy Environment and Living Habits on the Body Mass Index for Children aged 3-6 years in Xuzhou

目的研究对比不同家庭环境和饮食习惯对儿童体质指数(BMI)的影响。方法用整群抽样方法,随机地选择徐州市两所幼儿园的3～6岁儿童519例(男265例,女254例),根据身高、体重,以及不同家庭环境和饮食习惯等的问卷调研,应用多元回归分析和主因子分析法来寻找影响BMI的主要因素。结果男女幼儿的BMI值无显著差异;幼儿现时体重、母亲年龄等与幼儿BMI呈正相关,而幼儿现时身高、父亲年龄等与幼儿BMI呈负相关,此外,对幼儿BMI影响最大的几个指标是:父亲的BMI及分级、家庭收入、母亲的BMI和母亲的身高等;而影响相对较小的几个指标包括:幼儿对甜食、油炸食品和蛋类等的摄人量,以及幼儿出生时的体重等。结论在幼儿时期遗传因素、饮食习惯均对BMI有一定的影响。

Objectives To learn the effect of familiy environment and living habits on the body mass index （BMI） for children in Xuzhou. Methods 519 children aged 3-6 years old in 2 kindergartons in Xuzhou （265 boys and 254 girls） were randomly selected with the method of cluster sampling, their body height and weight were measured, BMI calculated, while the information about the family and living habits of the children were investigated with the questiormaires. The main related factors for BMI were analyzed with the multi-variates regression and principal component analysis. Results There was no significant diffenence of BMI between the boys and girls. There was positive relationship between BMI and the present body weight of the children, the age of the mother, but there was negative relationship between the BMI and the present height of the children, the age of the father. The strong principal factors for children＇s BMI were the BMI and the degree of the BMI of the father, family income, the BMI and the height of the mother, while the week principal factors were the intake of sweet food, fry food and eggs and the body-weight- in -born of the children Conclusions There is relationship between the BMI and the heredit factors, living habits of the children.