1997～2007年南通市人间狂犬病的流行病学分析及预防控制策略

The Epidemic Situation of Human Rabies from 1997 to 2007and its Preventive Measures in Nantong

目的总结和分析南通市1997～2007年狂犬病的流行情况,分析目前防制过程中存在的问题,提出狂犬病的防制对策。方法收集1997～2007年的全市狂犬病疫情监测资料及所有的流行病学资料进行分析。结果1997～2007年期间,狂犬病发病数为161例,发病率在0.09/10万～0.32/10万,2002年的发病率最高,从2003年开始呈缓慢下降趋势。病例主要分布在如皋、如东、通州和海安四地。发病的季节性不明显,7～10月病例最多。发病以农民为主,其次是学生。≥60岁组发病最高,占30.43%。结论部门之间的合作、宣传教育、普及预防知识、落实综合防制措施是防制狂犬病的有效措施。开展动物狂犬病的监测,尤其是无症状犬携带病毒的监测,以及从患者和犬中分离狂犬病病毒,进行分子流行病学研究等均有重要意义。

Objective To summarize and analyze the epidemic situation of human rabies from 1997 to 2007 in Nantong City, and analyze the existing problems in the present prevention process, and state the preventive strategies of the Rabies. Methods National and some provincial data on the prevalence of rabies during 1997 to 2007 were collected and analyzed. Results During 1997 to 2007, the morbidity number were 161, the incidence was between 0.09/100thousand and 0.32/100thousand, reaching the highest in2002, and began to decline slowly from 2003. The cases are mainly distributed in Rugao, Rudong, Tongzhou, and Haian. Seasonal morbidity is not obvious, the moat from June to October. The pa- tients are mainly the farmers, next are the students. The morbidity of the over 60 -year-old group are the highest, about 30.43%. Conclusion The effective measures to prevent Rabies are the cooperation, public education, the popularization of prevention knowledge, the realization of integrated preventive measures between departments. We should carry out the monitoring of the animal Rabies, especially the carried virus by the persons with non - symptoms, also separate the Rabies from the patients and the dogs.