太阳活动周期及其数学描述

Research and Description about the Cycle of Solar Active by Mathematics

概述和分析了太阳活动周期的研究进展,太阳活动呈现非常复杂的周期性,其周期性范围从几天至上百年,11年周期意义比较大,也比较明显;几天至几个月的周期性可能发生在太阳活动高峰期,155天或更短的周期存在,对中期预报有帮助;几年左右的周期对气象学的研究有作用;"蒙德极小期"是否存在至今还没有定论。对太阳活动11年周期的数学描述虽然很多,从效果上看,一般情况下,参数较多的函数计算量很大,误差相对较小;参数少的函数相比参数多的函数误差大,但计算量小;目前还没有一个非常理想的函数,能够对每个活动周都能很好的描述且误差很小。

In this paper, the progress of research on the cycle of solar activety is summarized and analyzed. The length of the one cycle of solar activity has ranged from only a few day to nearly hundred years, but the sunspot cycle has a prominent mean period of 11 years. The cycle length from a few days to several monthes is possible in the peak period of solar activety, the cycle and is helpful for the medium -term predictions of solar activity and research on the weather. The various kinds of mathematical description for the prominent mean period in the 11 years of solar cycle are also introduced in tihs paper.