中国自由主义文学思潮的演进及其价值评定

The Evolution and Evaluation of Liberalism Trends in Chinese Modern Literature

西方意义上的自由主义不仅是政治实践,而且更是一种思想文化理念。它在中国现代文坛中表现为要求"文学自由"的理论呼声与创作趋向。这股文学思潮最早可以追溯到王国维,从五四时期到建国之前历经兴衰演变,建国后丧失生存空间。文学上的自由主义思潮塑造了作家的主体意识和独立人格,强化了作品人文精神和审美特性,然而它却面临着"功利主义和审美价值二律背反"的必然困境。

The liberalism, as political practice and cultural idea in the West, shows the request of creation and ＂literary freedom＂ in theory in Chinese modern literature. This literary trend can be traced back to the period of Wang Guowei and had been fluctuating between prosperity and decline for 30 years from the May Fourth Movement to the foundation of the Peoples Republic of China and then lost its existing space after that. Though it has molded subjective consciousness, independent personality in writers and strengthened humanism spirit as well as the aesthetic features of works, the liberalism trend in literature has to face the inevitable dilemma between utilitarianism and esthetic value.