16-18世纪西方政治文明理路

The Key to Western Political Civilization from the 16 th Century to the 18 th Century

16-18世纪的西方政治生活迎来了文艺复兴和启蒙运动两大思想解放运动,也正是在这一时期,西方政治文明从根本上摆脱了中世纪神权政治的诸多束缚。在完成了对古希腊和罗马时代政治文明回归的同时,西方政治文明形成了自己的标志性发展线索,即在人本主义这一核心价值理念的指引下,自由和平等擎起了两面政治文明的大旗,并最终彻底明确了人民主权(民主)、法治文明、三权分立、宪政制度等四大制度成就。

The Renaissance and the Enlightenment were both great movements lasting from the gloomy middle ages to modern times in west Europe, about from the 16th century to the 18th century. At this time, western political civilization had reinterpreted the core value of politics in Ancient Greek and Rome, and it had found the new developmental path for itself. Under the guidance of humanism, freedom and equality had become two most important political valuable ideologies. And people＇s sovereignty, civilization of rule of law, separation and balance of powers doctrine （separation of the legislative, executive and judicial powers） and constitutionalism system had been established after three famous revolutions, including the glorious revolution, the independent war and the French revolution, which promoted the progress of the western political civilization.