明清及近代粤商入龙州的历史动因及其地域、身份来源探析

Research on Guangdong Businessmen in Longzhou in Ming and Qing Dynasties and modern China——Historical Motivation and Original Regions and Identities

明清以来尤其是近代,粤商入龙州达到一个高峰。珠江三角洲平原地区"人满为患",边疆"地旷人稀",中法战争和龙州开埠以及西江天然的交通孔道直通龙州和左江航运轮电化的逐渐实现,成为粤商入龙州经商的三大动因。以广州为中心的珠江三角洲核心地区各县市成为入龙州粤商的主要地域来源。入龙州粤商身份来源大致包括明清时期入龙州粤商的后裔、晚清以来在广东或桂东南从事工商业的粤商、粤籍商业从业人员和粤东农民及后裔等。粤商的到来,开始了对龙州城主要经济行业的缔造。

From Ming and Qing Dynasties to modem times, the number of Guangdong businessmen in Longzhou reaches to its maximum. The three motivations for expanding their business to Longzhou are the great difference of population density, the opening of Longzhou after the China- France War and improvement of modem river transportation. Their major original regions are the counties in the core area of Zhujiang delta. Their original identities include Gnangdong businessmen, farmers from east Guangdong Province and their descendants. The major industries in Longzhou arose with the arrival of Gnangdong businessmen.