区域土壤侵蚀普查方法的初步讨论

Discussions on methods of national regional soil erosion survey

区域土壤侵蚀调查制图和动态分析,是国家和省区编制土壤侵蚀宏观规划的数据基础,也是一个重大前沿性研究命题。在综述国内外区域土壤侵蚀调查制图、区域土壤侵蚀因子、土壤侵蚀尺度效应和土壤侵蚀模型等研究现状的基础上,对即将开展的全国土壤侵蚀普查工作提出以下建议:土壤侵蚀普查需要充分利用我国土壤侵蚀模型研究的最新成果,采用模拟计算方法实现对土壤侵蚀强度的定量估算;调查内容应包括区域土壤侵蚀因子、土壤侵蚀类型与强度、水土保持措施、典型区域抽样调查等;对土壤侵蚀尺度效应、区域土壤侵蚀模型应用示范和区域土壤侵蚀数据库建设方法等关键技术展开攻关研究。

It is a precondition for a region to make periodically survey of soil erosion to provide dynamic information for soil conservation planning. Regional soil erosion assessment is also one of key scientific issues for soil sciences. Based on the reviews of methodologie on regional soil erosion survey and mapping, regional soil erosion factors, scale effects of soil erosion and soil erosion models, some suggestions were p forthcoming national soil erosion survey. In order to assess soil loss quantitatively, newest results of regional soil erosion model should be applied in the survey. Contents of the survey, such as factors of soil erosion at the regional scale, types and intensity of soil erosion, soil conservation practices, and sampling investigation in typical soil erosion areas, should be included. Furthermore, the key techniques, such as scale effects of soil erosion, demonstrative application of soil erosion models, and data management of the survey, should be addressed to.