北京百花山落叶阔叶林群落的物种多样性特征

Species diversity of deciduous broad-leaved forest communities in Baihua Mountain,Beijing

应用物种丰富度、Simpson多样性指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Alatalo均匀度指数研究北京百花山落叶阔叶林中3种群落的物种多样性特征。结果表明:1)群落总体的多样性特征为黑桦-柔毛绣线菊-野青茅+矮紫苞鸢尾群丛的物种丰富度最大,核桃楸-绒毛绣线菊-蓝萼香茶菜+大油芒群丛的多样性指数最大,辽东栎-小花溲疏-披针苔草群丛均匀度指数最大;2)不同生长型的物种多样性特征为,草本层的物种丰富度、多样性指数大于灌木层和乔木层,均匀度指数的变化规律为灌木层>草本层>乔木层;3)乔木层与草本层、灌木层与草本层间的丰富度指数、多样性指数均有极显著差异,乔木层与灌木层、乔木层与草本层间的Pielou均匀度指数有显著差异。

The species diversity of 3 deciduous broad-leaved forest communities in Baihua Mountain of Beijing in warm temperate zone were studied by using species abundance, Simpson index, Shannon-Wienner index, Pielou evenness index and Alatalo evenness index. The results show that ： 1 ） In total diversity index of commu- nities, the species abundance of community Ⅱ （Betula davurica-Spiraea pubescens-Deyeuxia arundinacea ＋ Iris ruthenica ）, the species diversity index of community Ⅰ （Juglans mandshurica-Spiraea velutina-Rabdosia japonica ＋ Spodiopogon sibiricus ） and evenness index of community Ⅲ 〈 Quercus liaotungensis-Deutzia parvi- flora-Carex lanceolata） are higher than others. 2） In different growth forms, the species abundance and diversity indices of herb layer are bigger than shrub and tree layers, the descending order of evenness indices is shrub layer, herb layer, and tree layer. 3） The species abundance and diversity indices of tree layer and shrub layer have significant difference with herb layer. Pielou evenness index of shrub layer and herb layer has significant difference with tree layer.