为管输应用的原油降凝剂效果评价的研究

POUR-POINT DEPRESSANT EVALUATION FOR PIPELINE DESIGN AND OPERATION

添加降凝剂处理的含蜡原油的低温流动性受处理后降温过程中的剪切作用及降温速率的影响很大，这种影响因原油及管道运行条件而异，因此为管道设计及运行提供数据的含蜡原油降凝剂效果评价，必须综合模拟管输的降温及剪切条件。现行的测试标准在这方面存在明显缺陷。本文在总结多年研究经验的基础上，讨论了管输过程中泵剪切和管流剪切及其与降温条件的综合模拟方法，提出了评价管输过程中加剂原油动态及静态稳定性的方法，以及为管输提供数据的加剂原油凝点及流变性的评价方法。

Flow properties of a waxy crude treated with the pour-point-depressant (PPD) are significantly influ- enced by cooling rate and shear during cooling after the treatment. This influence varies for different crudes and pipeline operation conditions. Therefore it is very important that PPD evaluation for pipeline design and operation be made under conditions simulating shear and cooling during pipelining. Existing standard measuring methods obviously can not meet this requirement. Based on research for many years,approaches for simulating pump shear,pipeflow shear and cooling separately and comprehensively are discussed and recommended. Methods for evaluating the dynamic and static stability of the PPD-treatment are also proposed. Methods for obtaining the pour point and flow properties for pipeline design and operation are proposed.