油田注汽管网自然补偿法

Steam Injection Pipeline Uses Natural Compensating Method

目前油田稠油热采注汽管网的热变形主要采用方形补偿器和球形补偿器两种补偿方法。方形补偿器支承较多,热损失大,能源浪费多;而球形补偿器质量不稳定,易出现爆漏等现象。新研制的一种补偿方法——自然补偿法,利用管道的转弯和避开障碍物形成的L型和Z型补偿,在直杆段采用超长杆件,利用受压时的失稳状态的失稳形变来满足管道的热变形。针对直管段进行了实例计算,得出,在整个管道受力变形过程中管道强度足够,该补偿方法安全可行。并且,对采用以上三种补偿的注汽管道的基建投资和节能效益进行了经济评价。

The II-type and O-type expansion loops are the common compensators used in compensating the thermal deformation of steam injection pipeline of heavy oil recovery in oilfield. However, the defects exist in the structures' design of the two compensators. For the former,more supports will be needed,and more heat will lose;while the later,the rupture and leakage are easier to occur. The natural compensating method (the new compensating method)which,by adopting overlong pipe in longitudinal piping section,uses the L-type and Z-type expansion loops formed at angle pipe and barrier,is introduced. It can compensate the thermal deformation of pipe with the unsteady deformation of unsteady condition of the pipe when the pipe is forced. The calculation for the longitudinal piping section has been made,the conclusion is that the strength of pipe is enough to compensate the deformation. Meanwhile,the economic evaluation of capital investment and energy saving have been made for the three expansion loops of steam injection pipeline.