对政府干预粮食市场行为的经济学分析

AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE GOVERNMENTAL INTERVENTION IN THE GRAIN MARKET

由于影响的系统性和广泛性,我国粮食流通体制的改革和相关的制度创新只能由政府来加以提供。总体上分析,新时期我国粮食市场改革的问题,主要不是执行与能力问题,更多的是制度本身的设计问题。因此,我国粮食制度改革的出路不是"模范"地执行旧的制度或者是效仿发达国家的"先进经验",而是要以全新的、能适应新经济模式的制度安排来代替旧的、失去了生命力的制度安排。事实上,只要让市场在粮食的生产经营中起基础性的作用,粮食市场改革中存在的诸多问题就可得到有效解决。

The structural reform in grain circulation and relevant institutional innovation can only be conducted by the government due to their systematic and extensive nature. Based on an overall analysis, the problems concerning the reform in the grain market of our country in the new period lie not in implementation and capability but in the designing of the institutions. Therefore the only way out for grain structural reform is to replace the old institutions that have lost their vitality with completely new ones which are adaptable to the new economic patterns instead of executing the old institutions or copying the ＂ advanced experience＂ of developed countries. Actually many problems in reforming the grain market can be solved effectively when the market plays a basic role in the production and operation of grain.