小说的名实错位与学者的抉择标准

Dislocation of Fiction’s Name and Reality and Scholars’ Choice Criteria

小说观念的名实错位不单是社会积习的无奈追寻,也是文人心态的曲折反映。社会舆论和文人心理同谋共构,杂体文类最终趋向文学小说层面的归依,小说观念亦由此呈现出历时性和共时性交相辉映的文学表征。对待小说观念的演变,我们不应是有意回避,而应当是放宽视野,重视小说本位及其周边环境,正视小说观念的芜杂现实,进而构建现代小说学,沿着小说研究的主体方向不断前进。

The dislocation of name and reality of fiction created the inclusive and miscellaneous features, which were not only the helpless pursuit of social confirmed habits, but also the twisted reflection of the mentality of men of letters. Scholars＇ psychology and social consensus being isomorphic, novels have evolved to the level of literary fiction. The concept of fiction took on the literary features： a mixture of diachronism and synchronism. We cannot avoid touching upon the evolution of the concept of fiction. Instead we should broaden our horizon, pay attention to the standard of fiction and its surroundings, and confront the complicated reality of the concept of fiction and then establish modern fictional studies. We should go forward along the main direction of fictional studies.