扬州市集装箱企业工人健康问题的流行病学评价

The epidemiological evaluation of health problems in Yangzhou workers of container enterprises

目的了解集装箱制造企业工人的主要健康问题。方法对扬州市固定用工的集装箱制造企业工人按照卫生部要求进行职业健康检查,组织社区居民作为对照组,体检并建立健康档案。对两组人群的高血压和糖代谢异常率采用标准化方法比较。结果共调查集装箱制造企业工人3044例,社区居民7735例。工人的健康问题患病率依次为:心、肺内科检查异常(18.8%)、心电图异常(14.7%)、高千伏胸片检查异常(14.2%)、鼻甲肥大(12.7%)、高血压(8.7%)、听力损伤(3.9%)、眼损伤(3.7%),白细胞异常偏低或偏高(3.4%)、糖代谢异常(2.6%)。男性工人高血压、糖代谢异常患病率在调整年龄因素后接近普通社区人群(22.4%vs20.3%;4.7%vs4.9%)。结论职业相关健康疾病仍然是该人群的主要健康问题,但高血压和糖代谢异常也值得关注。

Objective To evaluate the health problems of workers in Yangzhou container manufacturing enterprises. Methods Occupational health checks were completed with centers of Disease control in Yangzhou container manufacturing enterprises Formal employments in accordance with Standards of Ministry of Health. Community residents were organized as the control group. The prevalence of hypertension and abnormal glucose metabolism were compared by standardized age. Results A total of 3 044 workers of container manufacturing enterprises and 7 735 residents of community were recruited. The health problems were ordered according to prevalence. It is abnormalities of heart or lung medical examination（ 18.8% ） ,abnormal ECG（ 14.7% ） ,abnormal chest film examination with high-kilovolt（ 14. 2% ） , turbinate hypertrophy（ 12.7% ）, hypertension（ 8.7% ） , hearing impairment（ 3.9% ） , eye injuries（ 3.7% ） , abnormal interleukin （3.4%） , abnormal glucose metabolism （2.6%）. It is closed to the general community population in male workers that hypertension and abnormal glucose metabolism were adjusted for age factors （22.4% vs20.3 % ; 4. 7% vs4.9% ）. Conclusion Work-related health damages are still the major health problems of workers in container enterprises. However,hypertension and abnormal glucose metabolism are important also.