女子举重下蹲式上挺的运动生物力学分析

Analysis of female drop jerk in sport biomechanics

目的从运动学和动力学特征方面对举重下蹲式上挺进行研究,为教练员和运动员认识和寻找适合自己的上挺方式提供理论依据。方法采用三维录像和三维测力台同步测试的方法。结果发现下蹲挺下蹲撑铃点低,人体重心下蹲撑铃比较迅速,杠铃上升距离短,所需杠铃上升速度小。但是下蹲挺撑铃的前后稳定角及平衡角小,稳定性低,稍有不慎就可导致动作失败。下蹲挺撑铃和起立时间较长,起立距离也较长,消耗的能量多。结论下蹲挺上挺发力所需力小,但是撑铃和起立的稳定性差。

Objective This article is to study the drop jerk in the characteristics of kinematics and dynamics, and offer the theoretical basis to athletes and coaches to think and look for the clean ＆ jerk mode that suits themselves. Methods The study selects the testing method that three-dimensional video synchronizes camera with force platform. Results The results indicate the height of drop under the barbell to drop jerk is lower, the velocity of drop jerk under the barbell of gravity center of body is higher, the rising distance of barbell is short, the rising velocity which barbell needs is less; its stabilization angle and balance angle of drop jerk are much less, its stability is very bad and it is easy to lead being lost, the duration of the drop under the barbell and uprising of the drop jerk is longer. The distance of uprising is also longer, so the body will consume more energy. Conclusion The jerk force of drop jerk is smaller than the others, but its stability is very bad in drop under the barbell and uprise phases.