某大型煤矿职业病危害现况评价分析

Evaluation and Analysis of the Occupational Disease Hazards in a Large-Scale Colliery

目的了解某型煤矿的职业病危害现况,进行分析评价,以确定下一步的防治措施。方法采用现场卫生学调查、类比法、经验法和职业健康检查等方法对煤矿进行评价。结果该煤矿的选址与总体布局、生产设备布局、职业病防护设施、个人使用的防护用品、职业卫生管理、卫生辅助用室设置等符合国家有关规定;该煤矿生产过程中可能会产生煤尘、矽尘、一氧化碳、氮氧化物、噪声、振动和电离辐射等职业病危害因素,其中部分粉尘作业危害达到三级,噪声作业危害达到二级。结论该煤矿的职业病危害控制措施可行、有效,但部分岗位仍需加强治理。

[ Objective] To assess the situation of occupational hazards in the colliery and establish preventive measures through analysis and evaluation. [ Methods ] On-site hygienic investigation, analogy, experience method and occupational health checkup were applied to conduct evaluation on the colliery. [ Results] Related factors including site selection, the overall layout, the facili- ties layout, occupational disease preventive and protective measures, the individual protection facilities, the auxiliary room facilities all accorded with the national regulations; occupational hazards can be found in the production in the colliery, namely, coal dust, silica dust, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, noise, vibration and ionizing radiation, among which dust exposure reached the third level and noise reached the second level. [ Conclusion] The control measures against occupational diseases in this colliery are feasible and effective, but management should be enhanced in some working posts.