甲醇与汽油混合燃料在发动机上的应用

Application of methanol-gasoline mixed fuel on engines

甲醇可由煤或天然气合成，目前已达到用1．5t标准燃料合成1t甲醇的水平，合成工序比合成汽油简单，工艺成熟，能量效率高。目前世界各国对在发动机中掺烧甲醇燃料进行了大量的试验研究工作，试验研究表明，当甲醇与汽油掺烧时，掺入量不超过15％，可以在汽油机上通用，不必对发动机结构作太大的改动。以M40混合燃料在轿车发动机Dacia1300上的试验为例，发动机采用M40时的性能比采用纯汽油时有一定改善，其功率、扭矩和热效率都有所提高，并且排放废气中的CO、NOx及HC含量降低，对环境保护有利。

The methanol can be synthesised by coal or natural gas, and the synthetic process is simple, the technology is ripe and the efficiency of the energy is higher in comparison with that of the gasoline. Test and researeh shows that the gasoline mixed with less than 15% methanol can be taken as the fuel of an engine, and it is unnecessary to change the structhe of the engine. By taking the application of M40 mixed fuel on Dacia 1300 engine as an example, the test shows that,by using the mixed fuel instead of the pure gasoline, the performance of the engine is improved, the power, torque and thermal efficiency of the engine are enhanced, and the CO, NOx and HC contents in the tail gas are cut down.