老年痴呆患者住院治疗前后家属心理负担研究

The psychological burden of family members of dementia patients

目的了解老年痴呆患者住院治疗对家属心理健康状况与照料负担的影响,探讨住院模式与减轻家属负担的关系。方法采用自编"住院顾虑量表"、家庭会谈量表和90项症状清单(SCL-90)对87名老年痴呆家属进行问卷调查。结果老年痴呆患者住院三个月后家属躯体化、强迫、人际、抑郁、焦虑因子分有显著改善;家属的日常生活、娱乐活动、家庭关系、躯体健康,心理健康和主观负担均显著改善,而经济负担并无显著增加;影响家属选择住院模式的主要原因排序依次为:"社会及家人舆论压力">"担心经济负担加重">"感情不能接受">"看望和照顾不方便">"担心医院对老人照顾不周"。结论老年痴呆患者住院治疗能够有效提高家属的心理健康水平、减轻照料负担。

Objective： To investigate the psychological burden of the family members of dementia patients and its effect on the care of these patients. To explore the effect of hospitalization on the burden of family members. Methods： Eighty - seven family members of dementia patients were interviewed by using Family Interview Schedule, self- made concern scale of hospitalization‘and Symptom Checklist 90（ SCL- 90）. Results：The scores of somatization, compulsion, interpersonal relationship, depression and anxiety factors on SCL - 90 in family members of dementia patients were significanty improved after 3 month hospitalization. The daily living, recreation activities, family relationship, physical health, psychological health and subjective burden of the family members also improved significantly. There was no significant increase on the economical burden of the family members. The main reason that the family members are reluctant to send the patients to hospital are ‘ the pressure of neighbors and family members’ ‘ concerning about the cost’ , ‘ can not accept the fact’, ‘ difficulties of visiting patients’ and ‘ worrying about the quality of care’ Conclusion. The family members of the dementia patients benefited significantly on their psychological state physical health.