城市污泥对作物种子发芽及幼苗生长影响的初步研究

A preliminary study on the effect of municipal sludge on crop seed germination and seedling growth.

不同类型污泥及其堆肥对通菜、菜心种子发芽和幼苗生长影响的研究表明 ,深圳生污泥、佛山生污泥和广州生污泥及其堆肥对通菜种子的发芽率有明显的影响 ,前者仅为73% ,其余的在 85%左右 ,均低于对照处理 ( 93% ) .而它们对菜心种子的发芽率 ,除了深圳生污泥有抑制作用外 ( 75% ) ,其余均表现为促进作用 ( 90 % ) ,均高于对照处理 ( 85% ) .它们对于两种作物幼苗的生长则均表现为不同程度的抑制作用甚至是损害作用 .污泥及其堆肥中抑制作物种子发芽和幼苗生长的物质主要是有机酸和醛类等有机物 .生污泥经过消化作用或适当的堆沤作用可降解这些有机物 ,从而减弱或消除这种抑制作用 .因此 ,生污泥经过消化作用或适当的堆沤作用后用于农业生产更为安全 .但对刚施用污泥或污泥堆肥的耕地最好不要直接播种 .

Studies on the effect of different municipal sludges on seed germination and seedling growth of Ipomoea aquatica and Brassica parachinensis show that the original sludges from Shenzhen and Foshan and the original sludge and its compost from Guangzhou were observed to be inhibitory to the germination of I.aquatica, but ameliorative to that of B.parachinensis seed. The same sludges and compost were found to be inhibitory or even harmful to the seedling growth of both I.aquatica and B.parachinensis. Organic acids and aldehydes in the sludges and compost were the major compounds inhibitory to the seed germination and seedling growth. Digestion and composting could degrade these organic matters, and hence, attenuate or eliminate the inhibitory effect of original sludges, which can be used as a practical way of the safer agricultural application of sludges. Immediate dissemination of crop seeds to newlysludgefertilized land is not recommendable.