生成整体论:语用学研究的新范式

The Generative Holism:A New Paradigm of Pragmatic Research

本文试图为生成整体论作为语用学研究的新范式提出论证。本文认为语言使用的意向性、情景性、互动性决定了语用分析的方法论具有生成整体论特征。意义内在于心灵,外化为语言形式,这就造成了意义和语言表达的不对称。从认知上看,主体的感知是具体的、整体的,而这些感觉经验的符号化却是抽象的、局部的,因此,语言只是"选择性"地表达了常规性意义。新范式中,话语生成是基于常规关系、以意向为主导的子系统整合而形成的,并且功能、性质不同于子系统的系统过程,话语理解则是以常规关系为指导的、动态的意义生成过程。所以,话语理解不是还原说话人的意向,而是逼近其意向。

This paper argues for Generative Holism to be considered as a new paradigm of pragmatic research. The author holds that intentionality, situatedness, and interactivity of language use make the Generative Holistic approach the essential feature of pragmatic methodology. Meaning is internal to the mind and externalized in language form, which results in the asymmetry between meaning and its expression. From the cognitive perspective, perception is concrete and holistic, while language is abstract and partial. Therefore, language only ＇ selectively＇ represents meaning based on stereotypical relations. In the new paradigm, utter- ance production is a stereotypical relation-based process, motivated by intention. Consequently, the sub-systems are integrated to form a larger system that has distinctive function or property from the sub-systems. Utterance interpretation is also a stereotypical relation-based and dynamic process of meaning generation, The purpose of utterance interpretation is not to restore but to approximate utterer＇ s intention.