试论俄语阅读理解题的命制方法

On Writing and Evaluating Reading Comprehension Items of Russian

本文是关于俄语阅读理解题命制和评价方法的探讨。作者根据自己多年的命题实践,通过具体的试题示例和考试抽样统计数据,提出了本人关于命制和评价俄语阅读理解题的方法,指出:统计数据不是衡量试题好坏的唯一标准,要从考查内容和统计数据两个方面衡量阅读题的质量;评价阅读题的成功与否首先要看试题的考查内容是否符合阅读能力的考查要求;围绕文章主线命题是俄语阅读理解题的主要命制方法。此外,在命制阅读理解题时还要注意俄汉两种语言背后的文化差异。

This article discusses how to write and evaluate reading comprehension items of Russian. Through analysis of sample test items and statistical analysis of sample data, the author outlines the general principles for writing Russian reading tests ： item quality should be assessed from both test content and statistics, either of which is not the sole criterion for evaluating items ; primarily, a good item should meet the curricula＇ s requirement for reading competence in its content ; in writing a reading comprehension item, the major technique is to grasp the main line of the text. Besides, cultural differences between Chinese and Russian should be noted in writing reading comprehension items.