论合作社的法人地位与社员的责任形式——对当前学界有关合作社法人地位研究的反思

On the Corporation Status of a Cooperation and the Liability Form of Its Members

"国外的合作社法几乎都赋予合作社以法人地位"不能作为合作社在我国获得法人地位的充分理由。英美法系合作社的法人地位"名至而不实归",大陆法系内部对于合作社法人地位的标准仍存在争议。在我国,财产独立与社员的责任形式独立是合作社获得法人地位的核心标准。在对无限责任的社会认同程度、商事组织立法价值的重大转变以及社员有限责任的社会价值的充分考量下,社员应对合作社的债务承担有限责任,合作社应由法律统一授予法人资格。

The fact that ＂the laws related to overseas cooperations almost all offer the cooperations the corporation status＂ is not sufficient warrant for cooperations in China to get the same status. Cooperations in Anglo-American legal system have just nominal corporation status, while there are still controversies about the corporation status of cooperations among the main states in Continental legal system. In China, the independence of property and that of its member＇s liability form have become the essential qualifications for a cooperation to get the corporation status. Considering the extent of social recognition about unlimited liabilities, the great change of legislative value about commercial organizations and the social value of the members＇ limited liabilities, laws should universally grant corporation qualification for cooperations. Meanwhile, members of cooperations should take limited liabilities for the cooperations＇debts,