北京市电力行业用水分析与节水对策

Analysis on water consumption and water saving countermeasures of thermal power industry in Beijing

北京市的电力行业属于火力发电,主要有5家电力企业:国华热电、华能热电、京能热电、高井热电和京丰热电,这5家电厂取水总量超过电力行业总取水量的70%。分析了5大电厂的发电量、产值变化、取水构成、用水效率、用水影响因素、已经采取的节水措施等。根据分析的结果,提出了相应的节水对策:①发展高效冷却水技术是火力发电行业节水的重点;②提高电厂工业水系统的用水效率;③加强附属生产用水的监管;④大力推广清洁电力生产技术;⑤做好电力需求侧管理。

In Beijing, the majority of electrical power comes from five thermal plants： Guohua thermal power plant, Huaneng thermal power plant, Jingneng thermal power plant, Gaojing thermal power plant and Jingfeng thermal power plant. These five power plants consume over 70% of the total water supply to the whole electrical power industry in Beijing. In this article, these five thermal power plants were sampled in the analysis of electricity production, output value, the structure of water intake, water utilization efficiency, water consumption influencing factors and adopted water saving measures. Based on the results of the analysis, five water saving countermeasures were proposed, which were： （1）development of high efficiency cooling water technology, （2）improvement of water utilization efficiency in thermal power generation system, （3）strengthen the supervision of water usage in adjunctive manufactures, （4）extension of clean electricity production technology, and （5）enhancement of power demand side management.