公益诉讼：国家所有权保护和救济的新途径

Public Interest:Protection of State Ownership and New Approach to Remedies

国家所有权是社会全体成员共同占有生产资料的所有制形式在法律上的反映,是公有制社会的国家为全体人民的利益对全民共同占有的财产享有的占有、使用、收益和处分的权利。因其法律制度上的内在缺陷,加之我国现有的救济制度的不完善,使得国有财产遭受了十分严重的侵害。公益诉讼是任何组织和个人根据法律授权,就侵犯国家利益、社会公益的行为提起诉讼,由法院依法处理的司法活动。因此,它可以适当地弥补这两者的缺陷,从而成为保护和救济国家所有权的一种新途径。

State ownership is the reflection in law of the ownership system whereby the means of production in society are jointly owned by all members of the society. In a society with public ownership, state ownership is the right of the state to possess, use, benefit from and dispose of properties owned by the whole people for the interest of the whole people. The inherent defects in the state ownership system and in the existing relief system have led to serious infringements of state - owned properties in China. Public interest litigations are litigations initiated by any organization or individual according to the law against any act of violation of state or public interests. They can remedy the above - mentioned defects in the systems and become a new approach to the protection of state ownership.