抗菌涂料的抗细菌和霉菌性能的检验和评价

The Tests and Evaluation of Antibacterial Coating Resisting Bacteria and Mildews

目的验证化工行业标准《抗菌涂料》征求意见稿(现为HG/T3950—2007《抗菌涂料》)对抗菌涂料的抗细菌性能和抗霉菌性能的检验和评价方法。方法参照化工行业标准《抗菌涂料》征求意见稿,采用大肠埃希菌ATCC25922(第6～7代)、金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC6538(第6～7代)、黑曲霉ATCC6275、土曲霉AS3.3935、宛氏拟青霉AS3.4253、绳状青霉AS3.3875、出芽短梗霉AS3.3984、球毛壳AS3.4542对16份抗菌涂料样品和10份空白对照样品(不添加抗菌成分,其他成分同抗菌涂料)进行抗细菌和抗霉菌实验。结果在合理选择对照样品的基础上,采用空白对照培养24h的活菌数与抗菌样品培养24h的活菌数的差除以空白对照培养24h的活菌数所得出的抑菌率,对大肠杆菌的抑菌率为85.21%～99.94%,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率为5.40%～94.4%。两次防霉实验结果基本一致,有很好的可比性。结论该标准征求意见稿规定的计算抑菌率的方法和抗霉菌实验方法是科学可行的,可以真实地反映抗菌涂料的抗菌和防霉效果。

Objective To validate the standards for ‘Antibacterial Coating’ in Chemical Engineering （presently HG/T 3950-2007） that spells out the methods of testing and evaluating antimicrobial and anti-mildew coating. Methods By referring to the industrial standards,the experiments used Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 （the 6-7th generation）,Staphyloccocus aureus Rosenbach ATCC 6538 （6-7th generation）,Aspergillus niger ATCC 6275,Aspergillus terreus AS 3.3935,Paecilomyces Varioti AS 3.4253,Penicillium funicolosum AS 3.3875,Aureobasidium pullulan AS 3.3984,and Chaetomium globosum AS 3.4542 on 16 samples of antibacterial coating and 10 control samples free of antimicrobials in order to test their resistance against microbes and mildews. Results On the basis of rational selection of control samples,the rates of resisting bacteria in coating were obtained by way of dividing the difference between the number of live bacteria （24 h cultivation） in control samples and the number of live bacteria （24 h cultivation） in antimicrobial samples by the number of live bacteria （24 h cultivation） in the control samples. It had been found that the rate of resisting Escherichia coli ranges from 85.21% to 99.94%,and the rate of resisting Staphyloccocus aureus Rosenbach ranges from 5.40% to 94.4%. Two experiments have produced consistent results with high comparability. Conclusion The industrial standards set forth feasible methods for calculating the rates in coating of resisting bacteria and mildews and for testing their resistance against microbes,and can truthfully reveal the effects of antibacterial coating against microbes and mildews.