晋系墓葬棺椁多重制度的考察

Discussion on the Multiple Chamber-and-Coffin System of the Jin Tombs

晋系墓葬这个概念有广义与狭义之分。狭义地来讲，晋系墓葬指两周时期晋国及韩、赵、魏三国的墓葬。广义地来说，晋系墓葬泛指两周时期晋文化系统的墓葬，不仅包括晋国及三晋的墓葬，还包括晋文化系统之下其它国别的墓葬，如杨、中山等国的墓葬。之所以称其为晋系墓葬，是因为两周时期晋国、三晋以及上述其它国别的墓葬文化特征相近，可归属于晋文化系统。本文晋系墓葬特指两周时期晋国及韩、赵、魏三国的墓葬。为了论证之便，文中有些地方可能会与宗周墓葬以及晋系墓葬广义范畴之内其它国别的墓葬进行比较分析。

The article generalized the evolution of the multiple chamber-and-coffin system of the Jin burials. The chamber-and-coffin system of the Jin has been divided into three phases based on an archaeological survey of the Jin tombs both in the Western Zhou and Eastern Zhou dynasties. A comparative study made from the historic texts and archaeological data indicates that the multiple chamber-and-coffin system of the Jin tombs is neither consistent nor uniform with the related historic records. The Zhou rituals recorded in texts are idealized to some extent and we should be cautious and careful when we study the pre-Qin history in the light of historic documents.