对外贸易对我国污染排放的影响——以二氧化硫排放为例

The Effect of Foreign Trade on China's Discharge of Pollutants

本文利用投入产出模型实证分析了对外贸易对我国SO2排放的影响。从总体上说,由于出口污染排放强度低于进口污染减排强度,故对外贸易有利于我国污染减排。然而巨额外贸顺差以及进口减排强度与出口排放强度之比的下降造成了我国对外贸易污染排放的逆差,而出口产品结构的恶化则是最为根本的原因。减排技术进步的速度跟不上对外贸易的增长速度,使得出口产品的污染排放总量还在上升。

By means of an input-output model,we have made a case study on the impact of foreign trade on China's emission of SO2.Generally speaking,foreign trade is beneficial to China's reducing pollutants discharge(RPD),because the degree of RPD due to export is higher than that due to import.In fact,however,China's enormous foreign trade surplus and the fall of the proportion of the degree of RPR induced by import to that induced by export have caused China's adverse balance of RPD fueled by China's foreign trade,and the root is the deterioration of the structure of China's export products.The fact that the Speed of the progress of RPD technology is lower than that of the increase in foreign trade has caused the rise,still existing now,of the total amount of pollutants discharge generated by exports.