锡盟沙地榆(Ulmus pumila L．var．sabulosa)遗传多样性的RAPD研究

RAPD Analysis on Genetic Diversity of Ulmus pumila L.var.sabulosa

应用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)标记法对内蒙古浑善达克锡盟沙地榆6个居群和对照家榆4个居群的遗传多样性进行了研究,采用14条引物共获得118个位点,平均每个引物扩增条带数为8.4,个体水平上呈多态性的条带83条,占70.34%。根据遗传距离和聚类分析,锡盟沙地榆和对照家榆明显聚为两大类,表明经过漫长的进化,锡盟沙地榆产生并保留了较大的遗传变异,因此支持其作为家榆变种的结论。锡盟沙地榆各居群间遗传距离存在一定的差异,与其地理分布位置有极大的相关性,表明RAPD可用于锡盟沙地榆遗传多样性及系统学研究。

Six populations of Ulmus pumila L, var. sabulosa and four comparison populations of Ulmus pumila were analyzed using random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） markers. Fourteen random primers amplified 118 loci, average of each primers is 8.4, 83 fragments （at a proportion of 70.34%） were polymorphic at the individual level. According to genetic distance and clustering, Ulmus pumila L. var. sabulosa and Ulmus pumila were in two branches obviously. This indicated that Ulmus pumila L. var. sabulosa came into being and had kept biggest genetic distance. Hence, it proves the conclusion that Ulmus pumila L. var. sabulosa is a variant of Ulmus pumila. There are definite differences among the population of Ulmus pumila L. var. sabulosa, which are closely related to geographical distribution. This research demonstrates applicability of RAPD in the study of genetic diversity and systematic research of Ulmus pumila L. var. sabulosa are practicable.