基于蒸腾蒸发量指标的水资源合理配置方法

Method for reasonable deployment of water resources based on evaportranspiration index

本文基于真实节水理念,提出了基于流域或区域蒸腾蒸发量(Evapotranspiration,ET)指标、以可消耗ET量分配为核心的水资源合理配置技术框架。该框架以分布式水文模型、多目标分析模型、水资源配置模拟模型等组成的模型体系为支撑,包括可消耗ET计算、可消耗ET分配和ET分配方案验证等技术流程,从流域或区域总来水量、蒸腾蒸发量和供水量、用水量、耗水量与排水量两层面,围绕ET指标进行水平衡分析与分配计算。以南水北调中线工程实施后北京市水资源合理配置问题为实例,进行了应用研究的尝试。

The concept that the evaportranspiration is the really consumed water of water resources is demonstrated. According to this concept the saving of evaportranspiration （ET） means the real water saving. On this basis the technology framework of reasonable deployment of water resources based on the allocation of evaportranspiration quota is suggested. The framework is supported by three models including the distributed hydrologic model, the decision analysis model of multi-objective system and the water deployment simulation model. The framework covers the water balance analysis and water resources deployment according to ET quota on two levels. The first level is the whole water cycle including the elements of total water income, evaporation and evaportranspiration, inflow water, outflow water. The next level is the artificial water subcycle including the elements of water supply, water use, water consumption and water drainage. The technology framework is applied to solve the water resources deployment problem of Beijing City after the implementation of Middle Line of South-to-North Water Transfer Project.