旱芹直播土壤人工种子及胚状体分化过程中的POD、PAL活性变化

Studies on conversion of Apium graveolens artificial seeds in nonsterile soil and activities of POD and PAL during the differentiation of somatic embryo

旱芹（Apiumgraveolens）无菌苗子叶为外植体，在MS＋1．0mg／L2．4－D＋0．5mg／LKT上诱导产生愈伤组织，然后转入MS＋1．0mg／LABA诱导产生胚状体后用于人工种子包埋，在有菌土壤中获得7％左右的转株＄．当人工种子外面包裹一层酯类共聚物作外膜，并在人工胚乳中加入6％的麦芽糖和1％的活性炭后，使人工种子在有菌蛭石土中的转株率提高到51％．还测定了芹菜胚状体分化过程中的苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）活性、过氧化物酶（POD）活性、以及木质素和可溶性蛋白质含量的变化．POD及PAL的第二个活性峰在第八天前后出现，似可作为组织启动分化的标志酶．结果表明：PAL、POD活性，木质素合成和管状分子之间有紧密的相关性．

The conversion rate of the artificial seeds. which were the encapsulated somatic embryos of Apium graveolens, in nonsterile soil is 7%. When the artificial seeds were encapsulated with an outer comported of ester I3olyrners. and 1% activated charcoal and 6 % maltose were added to the synthetic endosperm, the conversion rate can be Increased to 51%.The activity of peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonia lace (PAL), and the content of pignin and protein were tested during the Period of differentiation of Apium graveolens so somatic embryos. Results indicated that tile changes of activity of those enzymes were positively correlated to the somatic embryo's differentiation. The activities of PAL and POD were closely related with the pignin synthesis and tracheary elementary (TE) differentiation, and there was a sequential relationship among them.