环境同位素在森林生态系统水循环研究中的应用

Application of Environmental Isotopes in Water Cycle of Forest Ecosystem

环境同位素技术有较高的灵敏度与准确性,为水循环研究提供了新的技术手段。文中综述了环境同位素概念、示踪原理及其在生态系统水循环过程,包括大气降水、林冠穿透水、地表水、土壤水、地下水和植物水过程的应用现状,同时展望了环境同位素在定量阐明森林生态系统"六水"转化关系和水循环机理研究中的应用前景。

The technique of environmental isotopes, with the characteristics of high sensitivity and accuracy, is a new method to study the water cycle in a ecosystem. The water cycles are composed of precipitation, throughfall, surface water, soil water, underground water and plant water processes （e. g. , evapotranspiration）, In the paper, the authors reviewed the concepts of environmental isotopes, the principles of its trace and measurement, and the current status of its applications in research on ecosystem water cycles. The paper also discussed the potential use of environmental isotopes in quantifying the transformation among ＂six kinds of water＂ in forest ecosystems, and establishing water cycle mechanisms.